You don't get the magic. You can still connect to them.
If your case is personal iPhone + work MacBook, it's probably easier to just use wired EarPods with the work MacBook. You'll get better microphone quality for meetings too.
I find switching between a work MacBook (different Apple ID) and a personal iPhone and MacBook Air to work just fine. You have to use the Bluetooth Menu, but I haven’t seen any issues.
I have the same use case, and you don't need to visit the Bluetooth menu. On OSX, you can use the volume icon and select the AirPods as output device to switch. On iOS, you can use the AirPlay quickmenu icon to select the AirPods and switch to them.
I think this is much faster than going to either OSs bluetooth settings menu.
If your case is personal iPhone + work MacBook, it's probably easier to just use wired EarPods with the work MacBook. You'll get better microphone quality for meetings too.